Querying for Devices in Azure AD and Intune with PowerShell and Microsoft Graph

Recently I needed to get a list of devices in both Azure Active Directory and Intune and I found that using the online portals I could not filter devices by the parameters that I needed. So I turned to Microsoft Graph to get the data instead. You can use the Microsoft Graph Explorer to query via the Graph REST API, however, the query capabilities of the API are still somewhat limited. To find the data I needed, I had to query the Graph REST API using PowerShell, where I can take advantage of the greater filtering capabilities of PowerShell’s Where-Object.

To use the Graph API, you need to authenticate first. A cool guy named Dave Falkus has published a number of PowerShell scripts on GitHub that use the Graph API with Intune, and these contain some code to authenticate with the API. Rather than re-invent the wheel, we can use his functions to get the authentication token that we need.

First, we need the AzureRM or Azure AD module installed as we use the authentication libraries that are included with it.

Next, open one of the scripts that Dave has published on GitHub, for example here, and copy the function Get-AuthToken into your script.

The also copy the Authentication code region into your script, ie the section between the following:

#region Authentication
...
#endregion

If you run this code it’ll ask you for an account name to authenticate with from your Azure AD. Once authenticated, we have a token we can use with the Graph REST API saved as a globally-scoped variable $authToken.

Get Devices from Azure AD

To get devices from Azure AD, we can use the following function, which I take no credit for as I have simply modified a function written by Dave.

Function Get-AzureADDevices(){

[cmdletbinding()]

$graphApiVersion = "v1.0"
$Resource = "devices"
$QueryParams = ""

    try {

        $uri = "https://graph.microsoft.com/$graphApiVersion/$($Resource)$QueryParams"
        Invoke-RestMethod -Uri $uri -Headers $authToken -Method Get
    }

    catch {

    $ex = $_.Exception
    $errorResponse = $ex.Response.GetResponseStream()
    $reader = New-Object System.IO.StreamReader($errorResponse)
    $reader.BaseStream.Position = 0
    $reader.DiscardBufferedData()
    $responseBody = $reader.ReadToEnd();
    Write-Host "Response content:`n$responseBody" -f Red
    Write-Error "Request to $Uri failed with HTTP Status $($ex.Response.StatusCode) $($ex.Response.StatusDescription)"
    write-host
    break

    }

}

In the $graphAPIVersion parameter, you can use the current version of the API.

Now we can run the following code, which will use the API to return all devices in your Azure AD and save them to them a hash table which organizes the results by operating system version.

# Return the data
$ADDeviceResponse = Get-AzureADDevices
$ADDevices = $ADDeviceResponse.Value
$NextLink = $ADDeviceResponse.'@odata.nextLink'
# Need to loop the requests because only 100 results are returned each time
While ($NextLink -ne $null)
{
    $ADDeviceResponse = Invoke-RestMethod -Uri $NextLink -Headers $authToken -Method Get
    $NextLink = $ADDeviceResponse.'@odata.nextLink'
    $ADDevices += $ADDeviceResponse.Value
}

Write-Host "Found $($ADDevices.Count) devices in Azure AD" -ForegroundColor Yellow
$ADDevices.operatingSystem | group -NoElement

$DeviceTypes = $ADDevices.operatingSystem | group -NoElement | Select -ExpandProperty Name
$AzureADDevices = @{}
Foreach ($DeviceType in $DeviceTypes)
{
    $AzureADDevices.$DeviceType = $ADDevices | where {$_.operatingSystem -eq "$DeviceType"} | Sort displayName
}

Write-host "Devices have been saved to a variable. Enter '`$AzureADDevices' to view."

It will tell you how many devices it found, and how many devices there are by operating system version / device type.

We can now use the $AzureADDevices hash table to query the data as we wish.

For example, here I search for an iPhone that belongs to a particular user:

$AzureADDevices.Iphone | where {$_.displayName -match 'nik'}

Here I am looking for the count of Windows devices that are hybrid Azure AD joined, and display the detail in the GridView.

($AzureADDevices.Windows | where {$_.trustType -eq 'ServerAd'}).Count
$AzureADDevices.Windows | where {$_.trustType -eq 'ServerAd'} | Out-GridView

And here I’m looking for all MacOS devices that are not compliant with policy.

($AzureADDevices.MacOS | where {$_.isCompliant -ne "True"}) | Out-GridView

Get Devices from Intune

To get devices from Intune, we can take a similar approach. Again no credit for this function as its modified from Dave’s code.

Function Get-IntuneDevices(){

[cmdletbinding()]

# Defining Variables
$graphApiVersion = "v1.0"
$Resource = "deviceManagement/managedDevices"

try {

    $uri = "https://graph.microsoft.com/$graphApiVersion/$Resource"
    (Invoke-RestMethod -Uri $uri -Headers $authToken -Method Get).Value

}

    catch {

    $ex = $_.Exception
    $errorResponse = $ex.Response.GetResponseStream()
    $reader = New-Object System.IO.StreamReader($errorResponse)
    $reader.BaseStream.Position = 0
    $reader.DiscardBufferedData()
    $responseBody = $reader.ReadToEnd();
    Write-Host "Response content:`n$responseBody" -f Red
    Write-Error "Request to $Uri failed with HTTP Status $($ex.Response.StatusCode) $($ex.Response.StatusDescription)"
    write-host
    break

    }

}

Running the following code will return all devices in Intune and save them to a hash table again organised by operating system.

$MDMDevices = Get-IntuneDevices

Write-Host "Found $($MDMDevices.Count) devices in Intune" -ForegroundColor Yellow
$MDMDevices.operatingSystem | group -NoElement

$IntuneDeviceTypes = $MDMDevices.operatingSystem | group -NoElement | Select -ExpandProperty Name
$IntuneDevices = @{}
Foreach ($IntuneDeviceType in $IntuneDeviceTypes)
{
    $IntuneDevices.$IntuneDeviceType = $MDMDevices | where {$_.operatingSystem -eq "$IntuneDeviceType"} | Sort displayName
}

Write-host "Devices have been saved to a variable. Enter '`$IntuneDevices' to view."

Now we can query data using the $IntuneDevices variable.

Here I am querying for the count of compliant and non-compliant iOS devices.

$IntuneDevices.iOS | group complianceState -NoElement

Here I am querying for all non-compliant iOS devices, specifying the columns I want to see, sort the results and outputting into table format.

$IntuneDevices.iOS |
    where {$_.complianceState -eq "noncompliant"} |
    Select userDisplayName,deviceName,imei,managementState,complianceGracePeriodExpirationDateTime |
    Sort userDisplayName |
    ft

All Windows devices sorted by username:

$IntuneDevices.Windows | Select userDisplayName,deviceName | Sort userDisplayName

Windows devices managed by SCCM:

$IntuneDevices.Windows | where {$_.managementAgent -eq "ConfigurationManagerClientMdm"} | Out-GridView

Windows devices enrolled using Windows auto enrollment:

$IntuneDevices.Windows | where {$_.deviceEnrollmentType -eq "windowsAutoEnrollment"} | Out-GridView

Windows devices enrolled by SCCM co-management:

$IntuneDevices.Windows | where {$_.deviceEnrollmentType -eq "windowsCoManagement"} | Out-GridView

You can, of course, expand this into users and other resource types, not just devices. You just need the right URL construct for the data type you want to query.